The European Commission on fined four major financial institutions 93.9 million euros, or about $120 million, over two types of activity that it deemed as cartel behavior.
In one case, the European Commission fined JPMorganChase 61.7 million eurosion for manipulating the Swiss franc Libor benchmark interest rate in an “illegal bilateral cartel” with the Royal Bank of Scotland. R.B.S., however, was granted immunity and avoided a fine of €110 million after it revealed the existence of the cartel to the commission.
“Anti-cartel enforcement is a top priority for the commission and no sector is exempt, including the financial sector,” the European Union said in a statement.